Randomness via effective descriptive set theory

1.1 Informal introduction to Π1 relations Let 2N denote Cantor space. • A relation B ⊆ N × (2N)r is Π1 if it is obtained from an arithmetical relation by a universal quantification over sets. • If k = 1, r = 0 we have a Π1 set ⊆ N. • If k = 0, r = 1 we have a Π1 class ⊆ 2N. • The relation B is∆1 if both B and its complement are Π1. There is an equivalent representation of Π1 relations where the members are enumerated at stages that are countable ordinals. For Π1 sets (of natural numbers) these stages are in fact computable ordinals, i.e., the order types of computable well-orders.